The Severity of God and Finding
Peace in Some of the Bible's More Difficult Texts
Recently, I received the following
question from a dear friend (Brenda King) who I have known for about seven
years. We became friends after she and her husband read my book "Thy Rod
and Thy Staff, They Comfort Me: Christians and the Spanking Controversy" -
get it for free here -
http://whynottrainachild.com/2013/06/22/download-martins-book/
Here is the question and it is an
important one.
My husband and I
have had some long talks recently about the apparent disconnect between the
loving, gracious God of the New Testament and some of the harsh stories in the
Old Testament. Do you have any book recommendations that address that?
Now, this is a hard question full
of tension. It makes me uncomfortable. I think many people could say the same
thing.
I started to write something up on
this question and in fact, I stopped writing on it and just abandoned it and
started this piece. I was thinking of doing something really different for me
and try and answer this in a different style. Sorry, but it just did not get
the traction I hoped for. I guess we can all say that this happens from time to
time. Just crumple up the proverbial piece of paper and toss it in the rubbish
and start over.
There are many stories in the
Bible which are quite hard to reconcile with our overall belief that God is
love (I John 4:16) and this is because, on the surface, in some of these texts,
God seemingly does not appear to be very loving at all.
We are not alone in our
uncomfortable feelings.
I can remember studying about
Augustine a number of years ago and reading about his views on whether or not
the innocents who were killed due to the order of King Herod in Bethlehem would
be saved or not.
I have to admit that I also did
not find reading Augustine so comfortable.
I still don't have all the answers
on the stories of the innocents in Bethlehem, but I think I would like to give
a few ideas which guide my thinking concerning this question.
Some of these really hard texts
are one's that I have noted even in my own upbringing living in the home where
my father was a pastor and a theological scholar. Even in all of his writings,
some Bible stories Dad never managed to publish material on.
I have also read Dr. Gleason
Archer's book "The Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties". I have
found it of some value so I am mentioning it here.
However, with all due respect to
the late esteemed Professor Archer (who I understand was fluent in 27
languages), a highly respected theologian and Bible scholar, I would like to
open up some possibilities to share some of my own ideas. In fact, I have to
thank my dear friend Brenda for reaching out because her question came at a
time where I have been thinking quite a lot of late on some similar
questions.
Recently, I have been working on a
new publication, which is turning out to be quite involved. The working title
of this new publication is:
Infant/Child Salvation:
God’s Redemptive Plan For Children Who Die Before Knowing the Message
of the Gospel of Jesus Christ
I can hardly open up all of the
issues that I am currently considering in that book here, but I would like to
home in on one text and to give some ideas, which as I said earlier, are
slightly new even to me.
Which text to discuss because there are quite a few difficult texts in
the Bible?
While my post does indeed have the
terms "More Difficult Texts" in it, I have to choose one text and for
me, this text has become a clear entry point for this most difficult of
subjects.
This, of course, can become a huge
exercise where we get into an examination of scores of commentators and
theologians looking at a whole host of scholarly opinions. This is useful and
to always be considered as a good idea, but in this area, as I said, I have not
found too many explanations for some of these hard texts from scholars that I
trust yet.
Definitely I need to keep looking
and searching and by reaching out here, I hope you'll share your feedback with
me.
So, now let us look at the text
which is going to be the focus of our discussion.
The Death of King David and Bat Sheva's First Son found in II Samuel 12
Now here is the text in question.
"David said to Nathan, “I
have sinned against the Lord.” And Nathan said to David, “The Lord also
has put away your sin; you shall not die. 14 Nevertheless, because by this
deed you have utterly scorned the Lord, the child who is born to you shall
die.” 15 Then Nathan went to his house. And the Lord afflicted the child
that Uriah's wife bore to David, and he became sick. 16 David therefore
sought God on behalf of the child. And David fasted and went in and
lay all night on the ground. 17 And the elders of his house stood beside
him, to raise him from the ground, but he would not, nor did he eat food with
them. 18 On the seventh day the child died. And the servants of David were
afraid to tell him that the child was dead, for they said, “Behold, while the
child was yet alive, we spoke to him, and he did not listen to us. How then can
we say to him the child is dead? He may do himself some harm.” 19 But when
David saw that his servants were whispering together, David understood that the
child was dead. And David said to his servants, “Is the child dead?” They said,
“He is dead.” 20 Then David arose from the earth and washed and anointed
himself and changed his clothes. And he went into the house of the Lord and
worshiped. He then went to his own house. And when he asked, they set food
before him, and he ate. 21 Then his servants said to him, “What is this
thing that you have done? You fasted and wept for the child while he was alive;
but when the child died, you arose and ate food.” 22 He said, “While the
child was still alive, I fasted and wept, for I said, ‘Who knows whether the
Lord will be gracious to me, that the child may live?’ 23 But now he is
dead. Why should I fast? Can I bring him back again? I shall go to
him, but he will not return to me.” (II Samuel 12:13-23 ESV)
Of course, I think we all agree
that in this very difficult passage and the very troubling text for all of us
is found in verse 15:
"Then Nathan went to his
house. And the Lord afflicted the child that Uriah's wife bore to David, and he
became sick."
I am not going to side step this
text and how (on the surface) I feel about it. It is troubling and hard to
fathom from the God we think that we know. Our God is Love. (I John 4:16) How
could a God of Love do this? I mean it says that the Lord "afflicted"
this child and he became "sick" and then "died."
Now, about 20 years ago, I was
doing research for my first book ("Thy Rod and Thy Staff, They Comfort Me:
Christians and the Spanking Controversy" - Get it free here -http://whynottrainachild.com/2013/06/22/download-martins-book/)
and I came across this text from the Talmud which has always stayed with me and
resonated with me because I think it represents the tension that many
Rabbinical scholars had who also read these texts and were troubled by them
just like you and I are.
We are not alone in how
uncomfortable this makes us feel, especially those of us who have children. It
just feels wrong, misguided, and cold and putting a judgment for sin on an
innocent child.
While I say that, here is where I
have to put on the brakes to my emotions and thoughts and say: "Wait a
minute. What are you saying and thinking? This after all is the Word of the God
who made heaven and earth and everything in them, including you and me."
Note what the Rabbi Simon be
Lakish, a scholar who lived here in Israel almost 2,000 years ago said about
some of the more difficult passages of Scripture found in the Bible (which he
referred to as 'Torah').
"There are verses which are
worthy of being burnt, but they are [after all] essential components of
Torah." (Babylonian Talmud - Hullin 60b)
I gravitated towards this quote
because even in that early time (even before I turned 30 years old), I was
troubled with some of the texts in particular in the book of Proverbs which
seemed to suggest that it is fine and suggested to strike a child with a stick
of some kind.
Now, I realized that after
studying this matter more carefully, that my view point and understanding was
incorrect about the book of Proverbs and it is here where I would ask you to
ask yourself the same question about the text we are talking about here.
Now, here is where we have to ask
ourselves a question. Perhaps it is possible that there is no problem with this
text when it comes to our understanding of a loving God, but rather it is our
earthly, terrestrial perspective which limits our understanding and maybe we
don't see the full picture of the whole of the matter just in this text itself?
Your Ways Are Not My
Ways
Now, this is what
occurred to me just very recently after Brenda asked this question. Maybe there
is nothing wrong with this text, but what is wrong is I need to get my human
imperfect, sinful, weak, corruptible orientation out of the way and let's God's
truth speak here.
In this regard, I was
reminded of this text (which I think we are familiar with) to be quite
important. See if you agree with me:
6 “Seek the
Lord
while he may be found;
call upon him while he is near;
7 let the wicked forsake his way,
and the unrighteous man his thoughts;
let him return to the
Lord,
that he may have compassion on him,
and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon.
8 For my thoughts are not your thoughts,
neither are your ways my ways, declares the
Lord.
9 For as the heavens are higher than the earth,
so are my ways higher than your ways
and my thoughts than your thoughts.
10 “For as the rain and the snow come down from heaven
and do not return there but water the earth,
making it bring forth and sprout,
giving seed to the sower and bread to the eater,
11 so shall my word be that goes out from my mouth;
it shall not return to me empty,
but it shall accomplish that which I purpose,
and shall succeed in the thing for which I sent it.
(Isaiah 55:6-11 ESV)
This text really spoke to me. I am well described in the first part of this
verse where it speaks about "the wicked" and "the unrighteous
man". This for sure is me.
As I said earlier, I want to put my human approach to this text aside and
try to see the mind of God.
As the passage says, not only are "my thoughts not your thoughts",
but "neither are your ways my ways."
In fact, God's ways and thoughts are elevated to a higher level than ours
that they reach up to a new level of heaven that we just don't know anything
about. Or do we?
Here is where I think that these hard texts in Scripture give us a glimpse
into the mind of God Himself and if we are willing to see what God is trying to
show us, we may be on the way to a more correct understanding.
We are here being asked to take, not the earthly perspective, but definitely
the heavenly one. Doing this may cause us some consternation as human beings,
but this is a part of spiritual growth I believe. We have to as children of God
grow up spiritually and in doing so, sometimes we might have to think or see
things which are difficult to accept or understand.
In fact, isn't that what growing up is all about in life anyway?
We are not alone in facing difficulties in understanding things from God's
point of view, the heavenly perspective. St. Paul himself also had challenges,
so much so that he chose simply not to discuss them openly. This is exactly
what he said. Note it here.
"I must go on boasting. Though there is nothing to be gained by it, I
will go on to visions and revelations of the Lord. I know a man in Christ who
fourteen years ago was caught up to the third heaven—whether in the body or out
of the body I do not know, God knows. And I know that this man was caught up into
paradise—whether in the body or out of the body I do not know, God knows—and he
heard things that cannot be told, which man may not utter." (2 Corinthians
12:1-4, ESV)
Whatever Paul saw and heard during this heavenly vision, he was not prepared
to discuss it. This story reminds me how I feel when I read II Samuel 12. Maybe
you feel the same way?
Now, if we return to Isaiah 55 for a moment, there are a couple of things in
this text that I think are important. I think we have to acknowledge that the
way God does things is very different than you or I might do them. The thing
is, though, God tells us to trust Him (Proverbs 3:4-6). For me, this is
clear and I am going with this idea 100%.
This is what really occurred to me in a greater way of late. I needed to
trust God more to guide me through His Word here so I could embrace an
understanding, which was not my own, but was hopefully closer to what the Lord
is really trying to show us in this passage.
Now, I can say one thing that some of us might also be able to appreciate.
Twenty years ago, when I was reading Simon ben Lakish, I was a totally
different person than I am today. For one thing, I am a married father of two
who is almost 50, so I look at things quite differently than I did 20 years ago
for sure.
I think that all of us will also agree that while this text is a difficult one
and we might on the surface ask ourselves why it appears in Scripture, I think
those of us who feel close to the Lord will agree that this text is definitely
not placed in the Bible to create a barrier between us and God. Unfortunately,
I see this idea quite often on the Internet. Some people who have chosen to
leave Christianity or somehow ridicule it will bring it up saying that our God
is evil and brutal and worse.
But I say: "Wait a minute!" Do you understand it in a fuller way
or are you just reading the Bible like today's newspaper?
No, it is placed there to teach us something very important which we could
not learn without it being there. This is the view that I am taking concerning
this text. As Jesus told us, we need "eyes to see" and "ears to
hear" what this text is saying.
Now all of us have eyes and ears under normal circumstances, but what the Lord
was saying was that we needed to have a type of "eye" or
"ear" which was in tune with Him, in tune spiritually.
If I have to choose overall, generally speaking, whether or not it is I or
God who are wrong about something, I think I have to be honest enough to say
that I am going to take the safe bet and raise my own hand saying I am wrong
before I tell God that He needs to acknowledge here that He in fact is in
error.
No! God is not wrong. You and I are wrong and our opinion is in error.
If we start from this point, I think we are closer to the truth.
We need to trust that God knows what He is doing
Now, it might seem strange to title this section in this way, but this is
what I came to see in looking at this text. I for some reason began to say:
"Ok, God, I trust you. I know you love me and I know that you loved that
innocent child of David's and Bat Sheva's. However, I don't understand what you
are trying to teach us with this example."
This was my starting point and this is where I think maybe God opened my
understanding to consider some other viewpoints. Being a parent also I
think has helped me dramatically to engage this text that someone who does not
have children just could not do.
When I started to think about this more I noted the following point which
helped me to make a type of overall consideration about this and other
difficult Biblical passages. It was the following. In the New Testament, this
text is not mentioned specifically and the New Testament writers do not
specifically draw some direct attention to this text, so it must have not been
so important to the Lord to inspire them to add it, so if that is true, then
maybe I don't need to give it more consideration than I need to.
However, I think that we can say that a general principle about some of these
harder texts from our point of view has been addressed by St. Paul in the book
of Romans.
Look, St. Paul was one of the most wise, erudite scholars of the ancient
world. Without question, he was very knowledgeable of the Bible and was inspired
by God to write more in the New Testament than anyone else.
It would seemingly not make much sense for St. Paul not to have addressed some
of these types of questions because without question some of his non-Jewish
readers would have read these texts in the Bible and not understood them.
St. Paul goes to great lengths to address one particularly difficult text
concerning Esau and Jacob in Romans 9. In this section, he shows a number of
principles which I think we have to take cognizance of if we want to have the
correct understanding. Let us look at this text and consider it, because herein
St. Paul deals with several hard Biblical texts.
.
"I am speaking the truth in Christ—I am not lying; my conscience bears
me witness in the Holy Spirit—that I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in
my heart. For I could wish that I myself were accursed and cut off from Christ
for the sake of my brothers, my kinsmen according to the flesh. They are
Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the
giving of the law, the worship, and the promises. To them belong the
patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ, who is
God over all, blessed forever. Amen.
But it is not as though the word of God has failed. For not all who are
descended from Israel belong to Israel, and not all are children of Abraham
because they are his offspring, but “Through Isaac shall your offspring be
named.” This means that it is not the children of the flesh who are the
children of God, but the children of the promise are counted as offspring. For
this is what the promise said: “About this time next year I will return, and
Sarah shall have a son.” And not only so, but also when Rebekah had conceived
children by one man, our forefather Isaac, though they were not yet born and
had done nothing either good or bad—in order that God's purpose of election
might continue, not because of works but because of him who calls—she was told,
“The older will serve the younger.” As it is written, “Jacob I loved, but Esau
I hated.”
What shall we say then? Is there injustice on God's part? By no means! For
he says to Moses, “I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have
compassion on whom I have compassion.” So then it depends not on human will or
exertion, but on God, who has mercy. For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “For
this very purpose I have raised you up, that I might show my power in you, and
that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” So then he has mercy on
whomever he wills, and he hardens whomever he wills.
You will say to me then, “Why does he still find fault? For who can resist
his will?” But who are you, O man, to answer back to God? Will what is molded
say to its molder, “Why have you made me like this?” Has the potter no right
over the clay, to make out of the same lump one vessel for honorable use and
another for dishonorable use? What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to
make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared
for destruction, in order to make known the riches of his glory for vessels of
mercy, which he has prepared beforehand for glory— (Romans 9:1-23 ESV)
Now, it is very interesting in this text that Paul shows using a number of
examples of hard Biblical texts that these texts in fact are as Simon ben
Lakish said "essential elements of the Torah/Bible".
God has His hand involved in ways which are hard to understand, but note what
this passage says clearly (and I am believing it 100%)
1. "But it is not as though the word of God has failed."
2. "What shall we say then? Is there injustice on God's part? By no
means!"
3. "You will say to me then, “Why does he still find fault? For who can
resist his will?” But who are you, O man, to answer back to God?"
4. "Will what is molded say to its molder, “Why have you made me like
this?” Has the potter no right over the clay, to make out of the same lump one
vessel for honorable use and another for dishonorable use?"
So here is the message I get from this text in summary. 1) The Word of God
was, is and will always be perfect; 2) God is just; 3) God is not to be
questioned by mankind for His actions; 4) God has the right to intervene or
work in humanity as He sees fit according to His good pleasure.
If we will be guided by these four principles and look at these hard texts
through these spiritual lenses, perhaps we are on the road to a better
understanding of them.
Mitigating Circumstances
and Perspective -
Making a difficult
choice which is the right one in the long term
Sometimes seeing things from God's point of view is not so easy. St. Paul
was allowed to go to the third heaven to see what was there. He was forced to
see a side of God which was not earthly and it made him feel uncomfortable, so
much so that he refused to speak about it.
Seeing God how He really is, is uncomfortable for us because we don't
appreciate or understand Him properly.
I can remember my father (Ernest L. Martin) referring to the following three texts (II Timothy 2;15; Isaiah 28:9-13; Colossians 2:2-3) in a publication he wrote which was fundamental in his orientation to understanding how God presented the subject of knowledge. (1)
Here is where we have use our
intelligence and really "Do your best to present yourself to God as one
approved, a worker who has no need to be ashamed, rightly handling the word of
truth." (II Timothy 2:15)
Now as I am here showing, sometimes this is easier said than done and the
Bible even mentions this. Note the following text from Isaiah:
“To whom will he teach knowledge,
and to whom will he explain the message?
Those who are weaned from the milk,
those taken from the breast?
For it is precept upon precept, precept upon precept,
line upon line, line upon line,
here a little, there a little.”
For by people of strange lips
and with a foreign tongue
the Lord will speak to this people,
to whom he has said,
“This is rest;
give rest to the weary;
and this is repose”;
yet they would not hear.
And the word of the Lord will be to them
precept upon precept, precept upon precept,
line upon line, line upon line,
here a little, there a little,
that they may go, and fall backward,
and be broken, and snared, and taken. (Isaiah 28:9-13 ESV)
What this text shows is the method that God can use to teach us knowledge
(and we certainly need God's knowledge to understand II Samuel 12). This is the
subject of this passage starting in verse 9. But then He tells us that we must
be "weaned from the milk" (verse 9).
This is simply telling us we need to be mature and in this case it means to
be mature spiritually.
Now He shows us how to understand knowledge saying:
For it is precept upon precept, precept upon precept, line upon line, line
upon line, here a little, there a little.” (verse 10)
This is no small matter because it is repeated in verse 13.
This text really describes how we have to look at the whole of Scripture to
appreciate any one concept and this is where those who just look only at II
Samuel 12 can fall into the category of people mentioned in verse 13 saying:
"that they may go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and
taken."
We definitely do not want to be in this category of being. We want to find
the riches of God and His wisdom and Truth as found in the Holy Scriptures with
St. Paul saying:
"that their hearts may be encouraged, being knit together in love, to
reach all the riches of full assurance of understanding and the knowledge of
God's mystery, which is Christ, in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom
and knowledge." (Colossians 2:2-3, ESV)
A Clearer Spiritual Focus on II Samuel 12
Now, I want to talk very specifically about this text in II Samuel 12 and
the potential that exists in it to look at it in a different way.
I think we will all agree that whatever the text says, we really should not
concern ourselves so much with what the text itself says, but rather seek to
understand what the text means.
Now, I think that we will all agree that to attempt to interpret this verse
outside of the context it was given is just really ridiculous. That text, to be
understood and appropriately appreciated, must be engaged not only in the
context of where it is found in the Bible, but we have a whole host of issues
concerning it that have to be taken into consideration to have a greater
understanding of the whole picture.
We have to almost look at this text from a ship and we are trying to safely
navigate through arctic waters. These hard texts are like icebergs that we have
pass through safely. But, when going through waters where there are icebergs,
we know that the thing we see in the water is just the "tip of the
iceberg." There could be something really huge and dangerous underneath.
This is why we have to navigate this text with great care. After all, we want
to navigate these arctic waters and reach our destination safely.
This is definitely what God wants for us, but He expects us to study the
entire body of information we have at hand to navigate these waters. (II
Timothy 2:15)
I am going to summarize some points now without much elaboration, but I
think you get the picture of the circumstances surrounding this birth.
1. The legal status of Bathsheba according to Judaism
2. The uncertainty of who was the real father of the child according to the
law
3. Were there two witnesses alive who could corroborate the fact that David
was the actual father of the child?
4. The issue of the child being designated an illegitimate child and would
be disqualified from a normal ritual life and forbidden to marry anyone but a similar
person and to be banned from entering the Temple of God.
5. Was the child in fact legally a Jew?
6. Would the priesthood have allowed the child to be taken into the Tent of
Meeting and presented to the Lord as the law of Moses requires?
7. What about the future prospects within Judaism for a happy life for this
child due to the sin of his parents?
8. Would the child have been legally able to marry within Judaism?
9. Would the sin of the father pass down to the son in this case as the
Bible shows in the Torah?
10. Was God sparing the child a horrible life by taking his life before the
eight day of life?
11. What does the future hold for that child?
To conclude, when you start to look at some of the mitigating circumstances
surrounding his arrival on earth, they show that in fact what happened to him
was far better for him from an individual view? Only God knows the answer to
this question, but I think I am going to trust God's choice in this situation
as the best one.
A Final Question
Now, as we reach the end of this discussion, I have one final question to
ask and here I am going to rely on a teaching that my late father (Ernest L. Martin) developed
during his ministry of over 40 years.(2)
We have all heard the Golden Rule: "Do unto others as you would have
them do unto you." It is well known.
.
But there are two rules which are a bit higher than the Golden Rule and my
father elaborated a teaching surrounding them. These two rules are as follows:
1) The Platinum Rule and 2) The Diamond Rule.
Now the Platinum Rule is a little bit more valuable than Gold, so here it
is:
"Do unto God as you would have God do unto you."
Now, as I said, there is one higher rule: The Diamond Rule and it is this
Diamond Rule which I think is going to help us finally to understand II Samuel
12 better.
The Diamond Rule is: "Do unto God as you would have Him do unto you,
IF
our positions were exchanged: that is,
IF You were God and He
were You."
Now, let's not miss the point here. What I am asking you to do is to put
yourself in God's place (though it is not possible) and try to think like
Him.
What we find is that God made a decision in the life of David's infant son
that the best thing for that child at that time was to die! Could God see
something in the future life of that child which was not good? No, God could
not see something! God could see EVERYTHING and the picture was not a pretty one!
Now, that is a pretty hard judgment, but wait a moment. Put yourself in
God's situation if you can think of it and here is the question.
Can you think of a situation in your own life where death might be the best
choice for one of your own children?
As a father of two daughters, it does not take me too long to think of a
number of situations, where were those situations presented to me, I would not
only say that death of my own child would be the best thing, but in fact, if I
had to be the one to cause my own child to die, I would not hesitate for one
moment to end their lives.
It might sound like I have lost my mind, but wait a moment. I said that
there were a number of situations where this might be needed.
For example, the thought of someone taking my daughters and enslaving them
in some type of situation where they were going to suffer unspeakable horrors
at the hands of evil people, were I given a choice where I could control a
situation and eliminate unspeakable horror, I would choose the lesser of two
evils.
Another example might be a situation where someone was lost or shipwrecked
and there was no hope for escape and a horrifying injury was causing
unspeakable pain to a loved one. Herein one again might have to choose the
lesser of two evils.
Many other such situations could also be proposed. Scores probably.
Taking someone's life, no matter their age would be evil, but what would
certainly be ahead of them in life were they to live which if it were certain,
known and apparent, then taking their life would definitely be the best choice.
It would be an act of love, even godly love!
This is what I believe happened regarding the child of David and Bath-Sheba.
I cannot explain every nuance of the story, but I trust God enough and I also
know that the love that I have for my own children mirrors the love that He has
for us and that in some rare cases, very extreme measures are the best thing
for all intended. That is what love is.
To conclude, look for a fuller discussion of the wonderful, full life that
awaits David's son in the afterlife in my new book coming out, I hope, very
soon. I believe you will rejoice in this very hopeful story of a child who God
took home at such an early age. The Lord did not take that child home for no
reason and with no plan for the future!
"No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him who
loved us. 38 For I am sure that neither death nor life, nor angels nor rulers,
nor things present nor things to come, nor powers, 39 nor height nor depth, nor
anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God
in Christ Jesus our Lord.". - Romans 8
Final Comment: I would be blessed to share your input to this post. Thank you very much.
Samuel Martin
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(1) Ernest L. Martin, "The Fundamentals of Biblical Knowledge" - Lesson One - ASK Publications, Alhambra: CA, 1987)
(2) Ernest L. Martin Audio Cassette Tape "The Judgement of Man and God" ASK Cassette Tape: Portland:OR 1991)
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